Many Vivaldi manuscripts were rediscovered, which were acquired by the Turin National University Library as a result of the generous sponsorship of Turinese businessmen Roberto Foa and Filippo Giordano, in memory of their sons. Kreisler's concerto in C spurred the French scholar Marc Pincherle to begin an academic study of Vivaldi's oeuvre. In the early 20th century, Fritz Kreisler's Concerto in C, in the Style of Vivaldi (which he passed off as an original Vivaldi work) helped revive Vivaldi's reputation. LegacyĪntonio Vivaldi monument at Rooseveltplatz in Vienna, Austria
Bach transcribed six of Vivaldi's concerti for solo keyboard, three for organ, and one for four harpsichords, strings, and basso continuo (BWV 1065) based upon the concerto for four violins, two violas, cello, and basso continuo (RV 580). Johann Sebastian Bach was deeply influenced by Vivaldi's concertos and arias (recalled in his St John Passion, St Matthew Passion, and cantatas). He brightened the formal and rhythmic structure of the concerto, in which he looked for harmonic contrasts and innovative melodies and themes. Other works include sinfonias, about 90 sonatas and chamber music. About forty concertos are for two instruments and strings, and about thirty are for three or more instruments and strings.Īs well as about 46 operas, Vivaldi composed a large body of sacred choral music. About 350 of these are for solo instrument and strings, of which 230 are for violin, the others being for bassoon, cello, oboe, flute, viola d'amore, recorder, lute, or mandolin. Vivaldi wrote more than 500 other concertos. This work has been described as an outstanding instance of pre-19th-century program music. Part of Il cimento dell'armonia e dell'inventione ("The Contest between Harmony and Invention"), it depicts moods and scenes from each of the four seasons. Le quattro stagioni (The Four Seasons) of 1723 is his most famous work.
Worksįor more details, see List of compositions by Antonio Vivaldi and List of operas by Antonio Vivaldi He died, a poor man, in Vienna, on 28 July 1741. He moved to Austria to play for royalty but when the king died, he became poor and had no way to return home. As newer musicians, and more modern styles became popular, he found it more difficult to earn a living. DeathĮven though his music was popular, Vivaldi did not make a lot of money from his music. He often went back to Venice to rehearse his music with the girls. He went to a number of cities in Europe to have his operas performed including Vienna, Verona, and Prague. While he was travelling, he continued to write music for the girls at the Pietà, over the years he sent them about 140 concertos. He went to Rome in about 1721, where he performed on several occasions for the Pope. He composed his famous "Four Seasons" as well as several operas during this time. In 1718 Vivaldi left Venice and moved to Mantua, where he became the director of music for the governor, Prince Philip of Hesse-Darmstadt. His first oratorio, Juditha Triumphans devicta Holofernis barbaric, was performed by the girls from the Pietà in 1716. The first of his many operas, Ottone in villa, was performed in 1713. Further new publications of his music made him even more famous.
This made him famous throughout Europe, and musicians coming to Venice would visit Vivaldi for lessons.
In 1711 a collection of 12 concertos, L'estro armonico op.3, for one, two and four solo violins was published by Etienne Roger in Amsterdam. During his break from teaching between 17 he wrote a large number of works including violin sonatas and concertos. Title page of "Cimento dell'Armonia e dell'Invenzione", 1727
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